Hair-crimper



(No Model.)

I. W. MYSINGER.- HAI-R GRIMPER.

Patented Dee. 31, 1889.

n. Pneus. mmmme wamnpm. ma

UNITED STATES PATENT- OFFICE.

HAIR-CRIMPER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersA Patent lNo. 418,515, dated December 31, 18789.

l Application iiled October 30,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ISAAC W. HEYSINGER, a citizenof the United States, residing at Philadelphia, 4in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have made a certain new and useful Improvement invHair-Grimpers and the Manufacture thereof, of which g the Afollowing is a'full, clearrand exact descript'on, referenceV being had to the drawings which form a part of this specification, in which Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section of the winding apparatus, showing the method of applying the first or Voverlapping spiral covering of fabric to the metal core-strip and cem-enting thesame thereto. Fig. 2 is a top View of the same, showing the gearing in dotted outline beneath. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section ofbraiding apparatus, showing'the method of applying the braided outer .covering of fabric to the overlapped spiral inner `covering of the dat metal corestrip and cementing the same thereto. Figt is a side View of a length of finished crimperstuff, in which the braided covering and the inner overlapped andspiral'wrapping have been partially unwound vfrom the inner flat Inetalcore-strip. Fig. 5 isjan enlarged crosssection of a finished crimper, showing the inner softtmetal flat f core, the overlapped spiral wrapping with the interposed layer of cementing substance,`t1ie ,puter braided covering and the layer ofcement .between the same, and the plicatedb'r. overlapping spiral Wrapping. beneath. Fig.. 6 showsthe construction of the plcated covering of paper or the like with its overlapping. edges uncemented from want of contact/with the core-- lFig. 7 is a perspective view of a finished crimper, as herein described and claimed.

' The lettering in all the figures is uniform. My invention relates to the construction of a hair-crimper composed of a strip of soft substantially-inelastic metal adapted to have a strand of hair Wrapped in successivelayers around thesame and securedby bending the projecting ends of the crimper around or beneath the ends' of said strand of hair, in whichthe said soft-metal strip is increased 1888. Serial No. 289,540. (Nomodel.)

applied to the said soft-.metal strip in al spiral forming a continuously-Wound coating from end to end, said coating thus applied being cemented to the metal core-strip continuously from end to end, and having also an outer layer or covering of braided fabric braided over the said inner layer and conltinuously cemented thereto from end to end.

My invention also consists in providing the said dat metal flexible core-strip with a spiral covering of paper or like fabric applied inl a flat strip to the surfaces of saidcore-'strip and cemented thereto, as the saine is Wound around the saidmetal core-strip, in which the edges of the spirally-wound strip overlap each other in a plicated form, like the'scales of fish and other animals, the said plicated or over lapping surfaces being in Whole or part un` cemented together, so that when the said crimperis iiexed the plicatedA folds. aree'nabled to move upon each other, so that the iiexibility of the soft-metal core-strip beneath is not essentially impaired, While a greatly-increased bulk and softness may be readily obtained by increasing the thickness of the pavper which forms theA spiralxwrapping, or by repeated applicationsjofthe same; My invention alsoflconsists in producing such soft-metal crimpers. having a Wound or covering in continuous lengthssgofgcrimperstuft adapted to be subsequently cutnpvinto crimpers of a suitable length, the "coverings cemented or mader firmly adherent to` thesotmetal core-strip continuously from end to jendi '1 by a double. coating lof cement, one coating applied between the said spiral wrappingv and the soft-Inetal'strip and the other .coating be tween the braided covering and the outer surf@ 5 face of the said spiral wrapping. .4

' My invention also consists infprovidingthis l' spiralwrapping of paper cut intosuitable strips, and of a color corresponding tothe color of the braid to be applied thereto-black., brown, blonde, or the like-and braiding .the

.i 8'5 overlapped innerwr'appingand@ braided through the said meshes, the whole conlpressed between feed-rolls to produce a reticulated ornamental pattern, the plications of the said paper wrapping held in place where they cross over the said strip diagonally by the strands of the outer covering of braid Without essentially impairing the flexibility of the soft-metal core-strip of said erimper.

My invention also relates to and consists of the methods of manufacture of the said haircrilnper, as will be fully described hereinafter, and to the other specific details described and claimed in this specificationincluding such uses as the said article may be adapted to serve.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 shows in longitudinal vertical section the apparatus which I prefer to use in applying my first or spirally-wound covering of paper strips to the metal core and cementing the same thereto as applied. Other means and other mechanism may be used for this purpose, as is used 4in wrapping bonnet and piano wires; butI prefer to use the devices shown in Figs. 1 and 2 for this purpose.

A iS. a frame- Work of wood or metal raised upon a bench, and having a covering upon which is supported the reel H, of soft-metal wire, resting in bearings AI A.

The wire which I use in preference for my erimpers isa soft iiat iron wire thoroughly annealed, like bonnet-wire, having a width of from one-eighth to three-sixteenths of an inch and a thickness of from one-seventieth toone one-hundredth of an inch. It may be 'cut into strips from a sheet or be rolled flat from a round wire, which latter is what I prefer to use. Other 4metals--such as soft brass, copper, tinned iron, or lead-may be used in- -stead of iron, and the thickness and width may vary according to circumstances.

Beneath the top, of thc framework A is placed a receptacle B, open at the top and provided within and nearthe bottom' with a .roller B3, properly supported. The receptacle B. is filled in whole or part with a solution of some cementing substance, and the solution which I prefer to use is made by dissolving the best dextrine, in powder, Ain'boiling` water in such proportions as will produce a fluid of the consistency of a thin sirup. llo this I add a quantity of glyeerine, in the proportion of a few drops to the quart, the glycerinc servin g to prevent the cement from cracking when the 'crimper is fixed and to assist in causing the paper or other wrapping to. adhere to the metal strip more firmly.

`Above the frame-work A is mounted a vertical journal C3, pierced in the center over the roller B3, and to, this journal is secureda iiat horizontal disk C, to the upper surface of which is attached a post C', supporting an inclined journal C2, so that when the Vsaid disk C is rotated upon its bearing C3 the journal C2 will rotate in a circle around the central opening C5.

C4 is a bevel-gear With. which engages the vertical bevel gear-Wheel. J, Fia 2, S111)- ported by the horizontal shaft J the said shaft deriving its power from the drivingpulley J2. A grooved pulley J3 upon the shaft J communicates motion through a round belt to the feed-rolls E E', Fig. 1, through a corresponding grooved pulley attached to one of said rolls and not shown di reetly. The reel G' is also operated to take up the covered strip D2, when delivered from the feed-rolls E E', by a slipping or friction belt G', operated from the shaft J lrVhilc I show the feed-rolls E E as 'operated by a belt, I often prefer to use a positive feed by driven shaft and bevelfgear operated from the driving-shaft J", and having a Worm-gear at the top meshing into a spur-wheel upon the shaftzof one ofthe feed-rolls E orf-E. 'As this feed is in general use upon braiding-.machines, I do not (to avoid confusion of parts) introduce it into the figures. It is shown so used in Fig. 3.

The operation of covering the metal strip is as follows: Soft tough unpolished paper is cut into narrow strips having a width of from one-,quarter to one-half inch.` This long strip is wrapped upon a spool D', Fig. 1, like ribbon upon a block. This'spool has naugcd sides to keep. the paper froni slipping off laterally. The spool is perforated at the middle and fits over the journal C?, having a tension produced by its own weight, an added Weight, or a sprintf, The spool isinclined to the axis of rotation of the disk C and the strand of wire F as it passes through the same. The reel H, of soft-,metal wire, being in place, the end of the wire. F is carried down'by hand and passed tindex' the roller B3, and up through the central orifice A? and C5 of the disk C,

. and thencer` upwardl until caught between the feed-rolls E and E', which are embossed, as shown ate e., Fig. 1, and are held together by Spring-pressure. Motion having been com-Y muni'cated tol the driving-pulley J2, Fig. 2A, the feed-rolls' E E willjdraw the strip ctw-ire from the reel H steadily .down through the solution of eementB around the roller B3, and thence upward Ato the feed-rolls and transversely across to the reel G, the latter also operated by a friction-belt, soy as not to produce too great a tension, as the belt will slip so as to'keep the feed up taut, but not drag the material too rapidly through the feedrolls E Ef. The end of the strip of paper D being placed in Contact with the surface of the metal strip, as shown in Fig. 1, when the machinery is in motion the spool D" will be carried rapidly around the metal strip F as the latter ascends, and the aXis of the spool C2. being properly inclined the, stripl of paper will be wrapped around the wire strip' in a continuous spiral, the edges of the paper thus wound overlapping each other, as Ashown in Fig. 6. The part of the paper in contact with the metal will be securely cemented thereto, as the metal strip in its ascent is wetted by IOD IIO

,work B4 will remove the excess.

the solution of cement; but theparts of the paper which overlie'the layer of paper beneath are prevented from coming in contact thereby, so thatthese overlaps or plications .are not cemented throughout, but are supscribed, the cementin g solution does not penctrate between them sufficiently lto prevent their moving slightly upon each other when the crimper is' subsequently flexed, the glycerine added to the cementing solution also ina measure preventing the cementfrom drying into a hard substance which will crack before bending. j l

The strips of non-metallic fabric D, I prefer,.as above stated, to make of suitable paper; but I sometimes use cloth, leatheret,

cotton,ilaX, or other suitable substances having softness, bulk, and iiexibility. I prefer to color them before using to correspond with the color of the braid 4which `I afterward apply, and in this Way Iam enabled to use a braid with more open 1neshesthe Wrapping beneath, compressed by the feederolls of the braiding-machine, thus forming a reticulated surface of a `uniform color, as described and generically claimed in' my former Letters Patent bearing date April 5, 1887, and numbered 360,438. I do not always use a subsequent covering of braided fabric, however, but sometimes finish mycrimper with the plicated coat, as shown in Fig. 6, or with `an ontercovering of paint orvarnish, if desired, the plicat-ions. when rolled down and embossed by the feed-rolls, forming` a'handsome-f nd durable crimpeigthe plications giving added bulk and enabling-theQsaifd crimper to be flexed as easilyas though no covering were used upon the metal st-rip, which isnot ythe case when strips of tough paper are laid longitudinally along the metal, thesest-rips impairing the flexibility, and also beingA greatlyv strained and buckled when the crimper'is bent, and

recovering their form but imperfectly when again straightened. As the Wrappin g is also done transversely and diagonally, there is much less liability of the coveringto strip at the ends than when simply laid along the length of thesame from end` toend. The reel G, having become full, is removedrand a fresh one substituted. The reel Gr is then laid away to dry in a Warm dry atmosphere, or in acurrent of air either natural or artiticiallyproduced. A number of these 4reels are thus dried at one time ready for the next operation-to'wit, that of braiding.

The braidingY apparatus isshown in Fig. 3.

vattached thereto.

' clearly indicated.

It is mounted upon a stand K2? K20 and rests upon a bench Km. The rotating toothed 'wheels K3, running in involved circles, kcarry the bobbins K4, which braid the threads K5 around the' strand D2, passing up from beneath. The 'reel G, filled with the wrapped metal strip, as above described, is hung in bearings K22 and the end of the strand carried down into the pan K, partially filled Witha cementing solution K. The strip D2, having its first or spirally-wound coating, passes under the roller K2, and thence up through the center, of the braiding-machine and between the feed-rolls K7 KSVand on laterally to the reel K2, upon whichv it is Wound. The reel K9 derives its motion from a slipping friction-belt, as hereinabovey described in Fig. l. The pan or tank of ceinenting solution K is fitted between dovetail guides Kls, attached to the'bench K24, and

these guides have a stop K4", so that the tank maybe pushed in from the end and securely held by its iianged lower side engaging be# neath'the dovetail grooves of the guides, and it may be removed in the same manner. rIhe shaft K10 drives the wheels K3 ofthe braider, and by a small bevel-gear K11 K4 2 communicates motion to the upright shaft K12, which is provided at itsy upper end with a worm K14, gearing` with the feed K7 by the spur-Wheel The feed will thus have a positive movement proportioned to the speed of rotation of the wheels and bobbins K2 and K4. As hereinabove stated, I employ this feed in preference in the mechanism shown in Fig. l, but to avoid confusion of parts do notshow it in that figure. The cementing solution vK` is similar to-that used` in laying on the spirally-wrapped coating in' Fig. l; but other cement ,may be used, if desired.v The feed-rolls K7 K8, as also those in the other machine E E', are roughened or corrugated (see e e', Fig.' l) to more firmly seize the strand and pull it through the machines, and

. alsoemboss or iigure the surfaces in an ornamental manner without squeezing out the cement, as would in some cases result Afrom the.

use of Vsmooth-faced rolls, the corrugations or vindentations serving to form small' pockets,

so tospeak, whilethe projecting pointsgrasp and hold the strand passing through.

The iinished crimper is shown in cross-section in Fig. 5,1he metal strip D occupying the center, the wrapped spiral and plicated covering D2 surrounding the saine, with the interposed layer of cement L, and outside is t-hey braided covering KG, the layer of cement lL being seen between the braided covering K6 and the spirally-Wrapped inner cover D2.

In'Fig. 7 the crimper as a Whole is shown in perspective, the braided .covering being To produce these, the

strand K6, Fig. 3, which is reeled vupon the reel K2, finally (fills the said reel, which is ,then removed and a fresh-one substituted. The reel K9 is laid away to dry, after Which -it is placed in a cutting-machineof suitable ICO ' construction and'c'utiup into-crimpers'of'sch f. length :asfmay"belrequireth f "Ifjsubsequenitly cutup into shorter lengths, theends will not 'fray or strip, as the cement holds the sajme continuously' from' end to end. L

- The thread I preferably use for braiding is I spoolup in double v^strands and use in he braider, usually an apparatus of sixteen qarriers 'or Abobbins'."' Other ysizes l may be u edv for both thread and machine, if 'desi1,ed. f The thread 'is dyedfto match t-helhair with 'Which the lcrimp'er i's to beY used-black,

' brown,orblond`e'h`as ispreferably theepaper y :Jimayibe unseenwheniin use.2 I fusually braid or-ot'herWrappingbeneath, so that the crimper f' thecoveringlewith an vfopen mesh'htos' ve yarn or thread andtozassi'st in rendering he the-stiine'ssrof the'lnelasticnnietal strip wtlh-f in when. the ends arefbe'ntunderi the-sa e. .aIn Figui the crimper isfshown partially unwrapped, so-that the ysuperposition -of lthe sfpibe1clearly seen, the threads K5. and the paper ,-1 As hereinabove desoribed,`l sometimesdol not apply the outer or braided covering, loutv fn'ish thelcrimper in the .form'shown'in Fig.

6, (in which,44 however, theendsfare shovvnfpar-l tially stripped: to show the `modeof applica- .Iitionlof the'spiralland'plicated covering.) InV such fcase the-spiral covering is alone used rfrom end to end, and the plications are rolled down andi suitably corrugated or' embossed .by the feed-rolls E E', (shown in Fig. 1,) a suitable surface or varnishing being added?, if

desired. The crimper shown lin Fig. (inlay have anyt suitable bulk inaccordance with the'thickness'iof the spiral layers, and is eX- 'ceedingly flexible and durable, though it does not carry its 'finish as well 'as the one shown in Fig. 7, in which the second or outercovering of braid is employed inv addition.

I vary the material-Which Iv use for 'my spiral wrapping, as hereinabove stated, andA I make my crimpers of much` larger size ,for

special requirements when desired. YIl also vary the mode of application of my coverings, as I do not strictly confine myself 'to the -precise order of,` operations or construction herein specifically set forth, but vary the same as would be done by any skilled mechanic familiar with the art Without departing from the principles of my inventionias herein described and claimed, or the usesl to which it may be applied. 5

Having now described my invention, What I claim, auddesire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s

l'. Asan article of manufacture, a llexible f hair-crimper having an inner core-strip of soft flat inelastic metal, an inner covering of fabric spil-ally wound in the form of a con- .tinuous flat strip upon Vsaid metal core, the

free edge of vcach layer thereof overlapping` theopposite edge of each "precedingflayer in fa'continuous spiraljand anouter covering of 'braided fabric, 'substantially -as described.

2. A hair-crimper consisting of a flat softmetal core-strip, a spirally-Woundv covering composed of a strip of fabric, said spiral covering cementedto saidA metal core-strip along one edge of each layer thereof, the opposite edge of'each layer free and'overl'apping the cemented edge of each preceding'layer of said spiral,and an outer coveringfof'braided fabric continuously cemented tosaid spiral inner covering, substantially as and for-the purposes described. n

V3. In a flexible hai'rcrimper, a substantially- -inelastic soft-metal core-'strip and a covering of a stripfof fabric, said istripwound. spirally and Icontinuously around said' metalcore and secured Vthereto by a'coat-ing'of cement betweenA one 'edge of. each layer oflsaid spiral wrapping, the opposite .edge'free and overlapping the cemented'edge of each'pr'eceding layer thereof, substantiallyasldescribed.

. LA hair-crimper having/ax .flexible ysoftmetal flat-vcore-stripanda spirally-'wound 'covering of fabric, each layer thereof having any overlapping margin, and-an opposite margin inv contact with themetalof said'corestrip,.cemented theretoy y'at said point' of contactthe'rewith, and having embossedor corrugated externallsurfaces, substantially as described.

45. In'combination with thevlatv substantiallyeinelasticsoft-metal core-strip F, the

'spiral inner coveringD and the outer braided 'covering K6, the Whole'secured together 'by the double layer of cement L and L', substantially as described. v

. 6. In combination with the flat substantially-inelastic softmetal core strip F, the spiral inner covering of paper D, of a black, brown, or blonde color, wrapped upon said core-strip F in a continuous spiral and continuously cementedthereto, and an outer covering ofv braided lfabric K6, braided over said spiral inner covering and continuously cemented thereto, said braided covering of a brown, black, or blonde color,corresponding with the color of the inner covering D and the hair with which said crimper is to be Worn, the Whole having a compressedsurface, substantially as described.

7. In a hair-crimper, a substantially-inelastic soft-metal core-strip and a spiral'covering of paper, said covering consisting of an elongated lnarrow strip. Wrapped around'said core-strip in a continuous spiral, one edge of each layer thereof overlapping the opposite edge of each preceding layer of the said spiral Wrapping, said opposite edge cemented to said core-strip continuously, and said free and overlapping edges of said wrapping compressed upon said core-strip, substantially as described.

8. In combination with the soft-metal corestrip F, the spiral inner coveringD of paper,

IOC

IIO

and the braided outerfcovering Kl? of cotton "fabric, or the like, the Whole. cemented to-- gether continuouslyfrom ,end to end,}vvhereby i the saine maybe transversely divided into piecesof differentlengths Without fraying or stripping of the vfree ends thereof, substantially as desc'ribed.'

9. An fimprovementinthe manufacture of hair-crimpers, `consistingl inpassing a .continuous length of core=strip of softsubstantiallyinelastic metal through Vav bath of cementingl nsolution, then .Wrapping/ a strip of non-metallic 'fabricf in a continuous' spiral around said "core-strip, said core-strip Wet with said ce- .inenting solution, ,Wherebysaid spiral Wrapping isattached to -said cemented 4core-strip v at one'edge thereof, and having its opposite Ledgefree andv overlappingeach preceding crimper-stuff transversely into 'hair-criinpers of a suitable length,"substantially as yde- 10. A n improved off manufacturing l fhair-crimpers, 'consisting in passing a ,continuous length of "core-stripof soft substantiallyinelastic metal 4through 'ay bath. of cementing solution, then. wrapping -up'on the same ink a continuous 1spiral astrip '.ofsoft tough paper, cementing vthe saine thereto by Contact with Y Vthe Wet solution upon said corelstrip,subse-` `quently passing., said spirally-Wrapped corestrip `through a'gv'seconwd-Vl bath of ,cementing solution, and yvhile, stillwet braiding there- .upon an outer'fcoveringofbraided fabric, af-

ltern-'ardtransversely. diyiding the' said continuous length ofV finished crimper-stuff into# p strip through a secondbath'of cementingsolutiOn, andl While the surfaces arestill-Wet .therevvithgbraidingoverit an'outer covering fof fabric, substantially as described.

hair-crimpers,,substantially-as described.

11. The improved method of manufacturing hair-crimpers,.consisting in vcovering'a continuous length O fliet VSoft-metal substantiallyinelastic core-strip with ai soft-tou gh covering composed ofl `afj'strip of paper, which is wrapped around Avsaid core-strip in a continu- 1 ous spiral, havingdiagonally-transverse j 0in-ts or breaks along thelayers of said spiral, and 1 subsequentlybraiding over said spiral wrap- `'ping an outer covering"ofbraided'fabric secured to said `Wrapping continuously fromV end to end, and subsequently cutting the said continuous. length4 ofy crimper-stu 'transi `verselyinto hair-criinpers o f a suitable length,

. S5 c n substantially as described.

' 12. VAn improvement in the manufactureof h'air-crimpers, consisting in covering'va iiat stantially as described.

Isubstantially-inelastic soft-metal stri vvith a continuous;spirahg'rapping of softtough paper having dagoiallyoverlapped edges, and subsequentlyfapplying an outer covering of non-metallic material and securing the same thereto continuously. from end to end, subl13. Inthe manufactureof hair-crimpers,

the soft-metal `core-strip thereof, consisting in Wrapping around said core-strip spirally a` covering ofnon-metallic fabric b v passing' the same up through and froma bathof ee- 65 Y .the method of applying a double coveringto same around said advancing core-strip, sub- I 14. In the manufacture of hair-crimpers, the method of passing a soft substantially-inyelasticimetal core-strip through a bath of ce-v menting solution,thence .whilestill wet therel with up through arotating Wrapping-machine, f `and applying thereto a l continuousv spiral vvrappingof tough' paper, one-edge'of each "sequently passing the said spirally-wrapped core-strip through and up from 'a second bath Q75 Vof cementing solution, ,and fwhilestill wet ser layer overlapping theopposite edge of each immediately-preceding layer, and securing n the same to said core-stripby contac't'at one edge to itsV cemented surface, then passing V4said s pirally-Wrapped core-strip between compressing-rolls or thelike, and `compressing V'the free layers ofV said spiral Wrapping upon said core-strip adapted toprevent ingress of cement from `a lsubsequent immersiomjthen passing said spirally-Wrapped and compressed 15. Asan article'ofinanufacture, a continuous length of soft-metal wire havingan inner coveringfcomposedofa strip of non-Y vmetallic fabric Wound around `said Wire in a `continuous spiral with overlapping edges and an outer covering of braided fabric, said braid'- i v `W.- L. HAsoHER.

7O -menting solution, and Whilestillwet therewithV v f' applying said spiral'wrapping byrotating the 

